Ko te waehere mo te pakeke whakarewa ko H. E ai ki nga tikanga whakamatautau pakeke rereke, ko nga whakaaturanga tikanga ko Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickers (HV), Leeb (HL), Shore (HS) pakeke, me etahi atu. Ko te HB me te HRC he nui ake te whakamahi. He whanui ake nga tono a te HB, a, he pai te HRC mo nga taonga me te pakeke o te mata, penei i te whakamaarama wera. Ko te rerekee he rereke te indenter o te whakamaarama pakeke. Ko te kaiwhakamaori pakeke Brinell he nuku poipoi, ko te kaiwhakamaama pakeke a Rockwell he indent taimana.
HV-e tika ana mo te tātari karu. Vickers hardness (HV) Pēhia te mata papanga me te utaina iti iho i te 120kg me te nuku o te koeko tapawha taimana me te koki poutoko 136°. Ka wehewehea te mata o te rua kuhunga ki te uara kawenga, ko te uara pakeke o Vickers (HV). Ko te pakeke o Vickers e kiia ana ko te HV (tirohia te GB/T4340-1999), me te ine i nga tauira tino kikokore.
He watea mo te inenga te whakamatautau pakeke kawe HL. Ka whakamahia e ia te pane paoro paoro ki te awe i te mata pakeke me te whakaputa i te tawhana. Ko te pakeke ka tatauhia e te ōwehenga o te tere whakahokinga o te whiu i te 1mm mai i te mata tauira ki te tere paanga. Ko te tauira: Leeb pakeke HL=1000×VB (tere hokinga)/VA (tere pānga).
Ka taea te huri ki Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickers (HV), Shore (HS) i muri i te inenga o Leeb (HL). Whakamahia ranei te maapono Leeb ki te ine tika i te uara pakeke me Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickers (HV), Leeb (HL), Shore (HS).
HB - Brinell pakeke:
Ko te pakeke Brinell (HB) ka whakamahia i te wa e ngawari ana te rauemi, penei i nga konganuku kore-ferrous, te maitai i mua i te whakamahana wera, i muri ranei i te whakaene. Ko te Rockwell hardness (HRC) e whakamahia ana mo nga rauemi he nui ake te pakeke, penei i te pakeke i muri i te maimoatanga wera, aha atu.
Ko te pakeke Brinell (HB) he kawenga whakamatautau o te rahi. Ka pehia he poi rino kua whakapakeketia, he poro carbide ranei he rahi te whanui ki te mata whakarewa hei whakamatautau. Ko te kawenga whakamatautau ka mau tonu mo te wa kua tohua, katahi ka tangohia te uta ki te ine i te diameter o te nuku i runga i te mata hei whakamatautau. Ko te uara pakeke Brinell ko te quotient i whiwhi ma te wehewehe i te uta ki te mata porowhita o te nuku. Ko te tikanga, ka pehia he poi rino maro (he 10mm te whanui) ki te mata o te papanga me te taumahatanga (he 3000kg te nuinga) ka mau tonu mo tetahi wa. I muri i te tangohanga o te uta, ko te tauwehenga o te uta ki te waahi nuku ko te uara pakeke Brinell (HB), a ko te waeine he kirokaramu kaha/mm2 (N/mm2).
Ko te pakeke o Rockwell e whakatau ana i te taupū uara pakeke i runga i te hohonutanga o te whakakino kirihou o te nuku. Ka whakamahia te 0.002 mm hei waeine pakeke. Ina he iti rawa te HB>450, he iti rawa ranei te tauira, kaore e taea te whakamahi i te whakamatautau pakeke Brinell ka whakamahia te inenga pakeke o Rockwell. Ka whakamahia e ia he koeko taimana me te koki koki 120°, he poi rino ranei me te diameter o te 1.59, 3.18mm ranei ki te pehi ki te mata o te rauemi i raro i te whakamatautau i raro i tetahi kawenga, a ka tatauhia te pakeke o te rauemi mai i te hohonu. o te nuku. E ai ki te pakeke o te rauemi whakamatautau, ka whakaatuhia i roto i nga tauine rereke e toru:
HRA: Ko te pakeke e whiwhi ana ma te whakamahi i te uta 60kg me te indenter koeko taimana, e whakamahia ana mo nga rawa e tino pakeke ana (penei i te carbide cimented, etc.).
HRB: Ko te pakeke e whiwhi ana ma te whakamahi i te uta 100kg me te poroi rino whakapakeke me te diameter o te 1.58mm, e whakamahia ana mo nga rauemi he iti ake te pakeke (pērā i te rino annealed, te rino whakarewa, me etahi atu).
HRC: Ko te pakeke e whiwhi ana ma te whakamahi i te uta 150kg me te indenter koeko taimana, e whakamahia ana mo nga rauemi e tino pakeke ana (penei i te rino whakapakeke, me etahi atu).
I tua atu:
1.HRC tikanga Rockwell pakeke C tauine.
2.HRC me te HB e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i te hanga.
3.HRC e hāngai ana awhe HRC 20-67, rite ki HB225-650,
Mena he teitei ake te pakeke i tenei awhe, whakamahia te Rockwell hardness A tauine HRA,
Mena he iti ake te pakeke i tenei awhe, whakamahia te tauine Rockwell pakeke B HRB,
Ko te rohe o runga o te pakeke o Brinell ko HB650, kaore e taea te teitei ake i tenei uara.
4.Ko te indenter o Rockwell pakeke tester C tauine he koeko taimana ki te koki poutū o 120 nekehanga. Ko te kawenga whakamatautau he uara. Ko te paerewa Hainamana he 150 kgf. Ko te indenter o Brinell pakeke tester he poi maitai whakapakeke (HBS) he poi carbide ranei (HBW). He rereke te kawenga whakamatautau ki te diameter o te poi, mai i te 3000 ki te 31.25 kgf.
5. He iti rawa te nuku pakeke o Rockwell, a ko te uara ine he waahi. He mea tika ki te ine i etahi tohu kia kitea ai te uara toharite. He pai mo nga hua kua oti me nga poro kikokore, ka tohua hei whakamatautau kore-whakangaro. He nui ake te nuku pakeke Brinell, he tika te uara ine, kaore i te pai mo nga hua kua oti me nga poro kikokore, a, i te nuinga o te waa kaore e kiia he whakamatautau kore-kino.
6. Ko te uara pakeke o Rockwell hardness he tau kore ingoa kaore he waeine. (Na reira, e hee ana ki te kii i te pakeke o Rockwell hei tohu tohu.) Ko te uara pakeke o te pakeke Brinell he waeine, he hononga tata ki te kaha tensile.
7. Ka whakaatuhia te pakeke o Rockwell ki te waea waea, ka whakaatuhia ranei ma te mamati. He ngawari ki te whakahaere, tere me te mohio, he pai mo te hanga papatipu. Ko te pakeke o Brinell me whai karuiti hei ine i te diameter nuku, katahi ka titiro ake ki te ripanga, ki te tatau ranei, he uaua ake te whakahaere.
8. I raro i etahi tikanga, ka taea te whakawhiti te HB me te HRC ma te titiro ake ki te ripanga. Ka taea te tuhi i te tauira tatauranga hinengaro hei: 1HRC≈1/10HB.
Ko te whakamatautau pakeke he tikanga whakamatautau ngawari me te ngawari ki te whakamatautau taonga miihini. Hei whakamahi i te whakamatautau pakeke ki te whakakapi i etahi whakamatautau taonga miihini, me tika te hononga whakawhiti i waenga i te pakeke me te kaha ki te whakaputa.
Kua whakamatauhia e te parakatihi he hononga tata ki waenga i nga momo uara pakeke o nga rawa whakarewa me te uara pakeke me te uara kaha. No te mea ko te uara pakeke e whakatauhia ana e te tuatahi o te whakapakeketanga o te kirihou me te haere tonu o te whakaatete kirihou, ko te teitei ake o te kaha o te rauemi, ko te teitei ake o te aukati o te huringa kirihou, me te teitei o te uara pakeke.
Te wa tuku: Akuhata-16-2024
