He maha ngā momo paninga whakarewa. Me rerekē ngā kaha whakamātautau mō ngā paninga rerekē i roto i te whakamātautau pakeke moroiti, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi noa i ngā kaha whakamātautau. Engari, me whakahaere ngā whakamātautau i runga anō i ngā uara kaha whakamātautau e taunakitia ana e ngā paerewa. I tēnei rā, ka whakaurua e mātou te whakamātautau pakeke moroiti Vickers o ngā paninga konutea, ngā paninga konutea-konumohe-konupora rānei e pania ana ki te maitai.
1. Ko te whakarite i ngā tauira whakarewa kounga teitei o ngā paninga konutea (ngā paninga konumohe-konupora rānei) te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te whakamātautau paninga. He maha ngā taahiraa o te whakarite i ngā tauira paninga konutea, tae atu ki te tauira, te whakairi, me te huri-mua me te whakakanapa. Ko te kaupapa o te whakarite i aua tauira ko te huri i te mata whakawhiti-wāhanga o te mea mahi kia maeneene, kia papatahi hoki e taea ai te tiro mārama i ngā kōhao Vickers, e āwhina ana i te ine tika i ngā ine kōhao kia whiwhi ai i ngā uara pakeke.
2. Mō te whakamātautau pakeke o ngā paninga konutea: nā te mea he matotoru ngā paninga konutea, ka taea te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau pakeke me ngā kaha whakamātautau rerekē. I runga i te tauira kotahi, ko te iti o te kaha whakamātautau e whakamahia ana, ko te iti o te rahi o te kōhao; i tetahi atu taha, ko te nui o te kaha whakamātautau, ko te nui o te rahi o te kōhao. Mena kei te whakaatu te paninga huri noa i te kōhao i ngā tohu o te ngatata, te whakarerekētanga rānei, me whiriwhiri he kaha whakamātautau iti ake. Ka whakahokia tēnei tukanga kia noho tonu te paninga huri noa i te kōhao Vickers me te kore he whakarerekētanga—ko tēnei taumata kaha whakamātautau te mea tika mō te tauira.
2.1 He rerekē ngā matotoru o te paninga e rite ana ki ngā awhe kaha whakamātautau motuhake, he mea nui tēnei hei karo i te whakapohehe i ngā hua whakamātautau. Koinei te tohutoro mō te kōwhiringa kaha whakamātautau mō ngā paninga noa (whakakikorua konutea, whakakikorua chromium), e tika ana mō ngā whakamātautau pakeke moroiti Vickers (HV):
| Momo Paninga | Paninga Matotoru (μm) | Tūtohu Te Ope Whakamātautau (kāore i te mārama) | E rite ana Tauine HV | Ngā Whakatūpato Matua |
| Konutea Whakatakotoranga | 5 ~ 15 | 25 ~ 50 | HV0.025, HV0.05 | He ngohengohe te whakakikoruatanga konutea (ko te tikanga he HV50~150); mā te kaha iti ka ārai i te poka nui. |
| Konutea Whakatakotoranga | 15 ~ 50 | 50 ~ 100 | HV0.05, HV0.1 | I te piki haere o te matotoru, ka taea te whakanui ake i te kaha kia tika ai te whakarite kia mārama ngā kokonga o ngā taha. |
| Konupora Whakatakotoranga | 1 ~ 5 | 10 ~ 25 | HV0.01, HV0.025 | He tino pakari te chromium mārō (HV800~1200); he iti noa te kaha hei ārai i te kino o te indenter. |
| Konupora Whakatakotoranga | 5 ~ 20 | 25 ~ 100 | HV0.025, HV0.1 | Ina ≥10μm te matotoru, ka whakatauritehia e te kaha HV0.1 te tika me te whai huatanga. |
| Whakakotahi Paninga | <5 | ≤25 | HV0.01, HV0.025 | Mō ngā paninga pēnei i te koranu konutea-nikora me te koranu konutea-nikora, kia tino āraia te poka kei uru ki roto i te paninga. |
2.2 Ētahi atu Take Matua e Āwhina Ana
Haunga te matotoru, ka whakarerekētia anō te kōwhiringa o te kaha whakamātautau e ngā āhuatanga e rua e whai ake nei, ā, me whakatau i runga i ngā horopaki tūturu:
Awhe Pakari Paninga:
Ngā paninga ngohengohe (hei tauira, te whakakikorua konutea, HV < 200): Mena he iti rawa te kaha whakamātautau, ka pōuri pea ngā kōhao nā te āhua kirihou o te paninga. E taunakihia ana kia tīpakohia te rohe o runga o te awhe kua tūtohutia (pēnei i te matotoru 10 μm, tīpakohia te kaha whakamātautau 50gf).
Ngā paninga mārō (hei tauira, te whakakikorua i te chromium, HV > 800): Nā te mārō nui ka iti ngā kōhao, nō reira kaua te kaha whakamātautau e iti rawa (pēnei i te matotoru 5 μm, whiriwhiria te kaha whakamātautau 25gf) hei ārai i te hapa ine o te kōhao whakarara kei neke ake i te ±5%.
2.3 Ngā Whakaritenga o ngā Paerewa me ngā Whakatakotoranga
He mārama ngā paerewa o ia ahumahi. Hei tauira:
Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e te umanga motuka te ISO 14577 (Instrumented Indentation Test), e āhei ai te whakarerekē i te uara kaha kia rite ki te matotoru o te paninga;
E pā ana te ahumahi whānui ki te ASTM E384, e kī ana ko te hauroki o te kōpiko he ≤ 1/2 o te matotoru o te paninga, ā, he ≥ 10 ngā wā o te pūtoro o te pito kōpiko (kia kore ai e pā te pānga o te pito).
Hei whakamutunga, ko te kōwhiringa o te kaha whakamātautau mō te whakamātautau pakeke micro-Vickers o ngā paninga whakarewa me whai i te ariā o "te matotoru tuatahi, te whakatikatika pakeke, me te whakamana paerewa":
Tuatahi, whakatauhia te whānuitanga kaha whakamātautau i runga i te matotoru o te paninga (tirohia te ripanga i runga ake nei);
Whakatikatikahia te uara kaha kia rite ki te pakeke o te paninga (tīpakohia te rohe o runga mō ngā paninga ngohengohe me te rohe o raro mō ngā paninga mārō);
Hei whakamutunga, kia rite ki ngā paerewa ahumahi (pēnei i te ISO 14577 me te ASTM E384) kia tika ai ngā hua o te whakamātautau.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-03-2025
